Python is a beloved programming language among developers for its simplicity and power. However, not all Python developers achieve success. Therefore, it’s crucial to follow certain modern best practices to become a successful Python developer.
In this article, we will explore how to effectively conduct Python development, focusing on Stuart Ellis’ modern Python best practices.
Avoid Using the Operating System’s Built-in Python
The built-in Python in your operating system is likely to be an older version, which can pose security risks and prevent you from using the latest features. Therefore, it is recommended to use tools like pyenv or mise to install the latest version of Python. Using the latest version allows you to benefit from security patches and performance improvements.
Use pipx for Running Developer Applications
To run developer applications in isolated environments, it’s advisable to use pipx. This prevents dependency conflicts between projects. Pipx is an excellent tool for safely installing and running applications.
Utilize Project Tools
To efficiently manage Python projects, consider using tools like PDM, Hatch, Mise, and Rye. These tools simplify package management and make project setup easier.
Code Formatting and Linting
To maintain code consistency and reduce errors, it is important to use Ruff for code formatting and linting. This improves code readability and minimizes issues during collaboration.
Automate Testing
To enhance code quality, automated testing with pytest is essential. Using plugins like pytest-randomly and pytest-cov can further increase the diversity and coverage of tests.
Packaging and Deployment
For packaging Python projects, use the wheel package, and if needed, utilize PyInstaller to create container images. This simplifies project deployment.
Best Practices in Language Syntax
It is important to actively utilize the latest Python features. Using type hinting (PEP 484, PEP 526), f-strings (PEP 498), and timezone-aware datetime objects (PEP 615) can increase code clarity and stability.
Application Design
For application log management, use the logging module, and for configuration files, use the TOML format (PEP 680). Additionally, use asynchronous I/O only when necessary to optimize performance.
Choosing Libraries
It is important to select and use Python’s diverse libraries appropriately. For example, use argparse for command-line input handling, pathlib for file and directory path handling, and the subprocess module for executing external commands.
Project Best Practices
It is recommended to use pyproject.toml as the project setup file.
- https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0517/
- https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0518/
- https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0621/
- https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0660/
Additionally, using virtual environments during development and leveraging requirements files for package installation are advisable. These best practices greatly enhance the maintainability of projects.
Conclusion
Following these modern best practices is essential for successfully conducting Python development. They will make your code more stable and efficient. We hope you follow these practices and become a successful Python developer.